abstract：:Since the cloning of the Y-located testis-determining factor, sex determining region Y (SRY), several other genes have been implicated in the process of mammalian sex determination. Mutations of an SRY-related gene, SRY-related high-mobility group box 9 (SOX9), result in autosomal sex reversal and campomelic dysplasia...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Ramkissoon Y,Goodfellow P

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A casual association has been established between mutations in the fibrillin 1 gene and Marfan syndrome and related phenotypes. Analysis of mutations in these disease types has provided new insights into microfibril assembly and function. These include evidence for a mutation in a fibrillin 1 domain associated with se...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Ramirez F

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much progress has been made in the past few years in understanding the mechanism and regulation of mRNA synthesis. This rapid progress has largely been due to the availability of cloned genes encoding components of the transcription machinery. Structural and biochemical studies are rapidly defining the architecture of...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Ranish JA,Hahn S

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable progress has been made in unraveling the mechanistic features of RNA editing processes in a number of genetic systems. Recent highlights include the identification of the catalytic subunit of the mammalian apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme as a zinc-dependent cytidine deaminase that binds to RNA, the d...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Benne R

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RET mutations have been identified as the underlying cause of two congenital diseases that predominately affect tissues of neural crest origin: the MEN 2 cancer syndromes and a proportion of cases of dominantly inherited Hirschsprung disease, a disorder of gut development. This review summarizes the disease-causing mu...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Mak YF,Ponder BA

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor TFIIH is a versatile, multi-functional protein complex with multiple engagements. Apart from its role in basal transcription, TFIIH is intimately implicated in DNA repair and (probably) in cell cycle control (both of which are required to prevent carcinogenesis) as well as having possible role...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hoeijmakers JH,Egly JM,Vermeulen W

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All bovine chromosomes are now represented by a syntenic group, a linkage map and at least one in situ hybridization. Almost 1,000 loci are mapped, about 300 of which are coding sequences useful for comparative mapping and evolutionary inference. Economically important loci are beginning to appear on bovine linkage ma...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Womack JE,Kata SR

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of primate lentivirus phylogeny over the past decade have established a minimum of five related, but genetically distinct, groups of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), each originating from a different African primate species. The hypothesis that HIV-2 (and SIVmac) arose by cross-species transmission from so...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hirsch VM,Dapolito G,Goeken R,Campbell BJ

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation and anteroposterior patterning of the three definitive germ layers, ectoderm, or epiblast, is the common theme of vertebrate gastrulation. What changes from system to system is the geometry of these events and the nature of the non-epiblast transient structures implicated. A number of molecular markers, ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Boncinelli E,Mallamaci A

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent identification of Wnt-7a as a signalling molecule in dorsal/ventral patterning means that we now have a known signal for control of each of the three limb axes. Fibroblast growth factors can allow proximal/distal patterning and Sonic hedgehog gene expression signals anterior/posterior patterning. Networks o...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Tickle C

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes are currently being sequenced. Already, the nucleotide sequences of four yeast chromosomes and of 2.2 Mb from Caenorhabditis elegans have been reported. Human genomic sequences have also been used in comparative studies with both mouse and Fugu rubripes. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Jones SJ

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The largest subunit of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II has an unusual tandemly repeated heptapeptide sequence at its carboxyl terminus. The function of this evolutionarily conserved carboxy-terminal domain is unknown; however, new evidence links it to the formation of a large multi-component RNA polymerase II complex pos...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Emili A,Ingles CJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A detailed description of the cytoskeletal rearrangements that orchestrate bud formation is beginning to emerge from studies on yeast morphogenesis. In this review, we focus on recent advances in our understanding of how the timing of these rearrangements is controlled. Dramatic changes in cell polarity that occur in ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Lew DJ,Reed SI

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of the retinoblastoma protein, pRb, appears to have a role in several human tumor types. Mice lacking pRb have been produced as models of human disease, but have a different spectrum of affected tissues. Recent work shows that the tumorigenic effects of pRb may be revealed only after additional genetic alteration...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hinds PW

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the recognition of the uniqueness and coherence of the archaebacteria (sometimes called Archaea), our perception of their role in early evolution has been modified repeatedly. The deluge of sequence data and rapidly improving molecular systematic methods have combined with a better understanding of archaebacteri...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Keeling PJ,Charlebois RL,Doolittle WF

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rooted phylogenetic tree of the kinetoplastid protozoa has been constructed that, together with a comparative analysis of editing of several genes, leads to the surprising conclusion that extensive or pan-editing with multiple overlapping guide RNAs is more ancient than 5'-editing. The mechanism of editing is still ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Simpson L,Maslov DA

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asymmetric cell division during the process of sporulation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis generates dissimilar progeny that exhibit distinct programs of gene transcription. Recent work reveals a partner switching mechanism that governs the activity of the sporulation regulatory protein sigma F and that may be resp...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Duncan L,Alper S,Losick R

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular biological techniques have contributed greatly to the study of vertebrate ocular tissues. The specification of ocular tissues has been shown to be closely related to the expression of transcription factors encoded by genes such as Pax6 and microphthalmia. Lens-specific expression of the delta 1-crystallin ge...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Kodama R,Eguchi G

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell fates are instructed by signals emitted from specialized cell populations called organizers. The study of epidermal patterning in Drosophila is contributing novel insights concerning the establishment and action of such organizers. Juxtaposed rows of cells express either the wingless or hedgehog signaling molecul...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： DiNardo S,Heemskerk J,Dougan S,O'Farrell PH

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In their development, plants precisely control the patterns of cell size, cell shape and cell division, the position of differentiation of cell types, and the position and number of organs. In the past year, progress has been made in understanding four of these five levels of control of plant pattern formation, includ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Meyerowitz EM

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wealth of pharmacological data point to the involvement of catecholamine metabolism in a number of psychiatric and behavioral disorders. Furthermore, evidence points to many of these affective disorders having a moderate to large genetic component. These observations have provided the impetus to search for differenc...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Mallet J,Meloni R,Laurent C

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In eukaryotic cells, transcription and DNA replication occur on DNA templates associated with chromatin proteins, most notably histone octamers. Protein factors that can assemble these units have been isolated from many sources. In particular, one factor from human cells is associated with ongoing DNA synthesis; other...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Kaufman PD,Botchan MR

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eukaryotic messenger RNA utilization is a tightly controlled process. Control of translation is exerted at several levels, but the predominant step is ribosome binding, which is rate limiting for translation of most mRNAs. There appear to be several alternative modes by which ribosomes bind to the mRNA and initiate tr...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Sonenberg N

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Myc oncoprotein dimerizes with its partner, Max, to bind DNA, activate transcription, and promote cell proliferation, as well as programmed cell death. Max also forms homodimers or heterodimers with its alternative partners, Mad and Mxi-1. These complexes behave as antagonists of Myc/Max through competition for co...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Amati B,Land H

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the ways in which higher eukaryotes receive messages from the environment is via cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases. These are transmembrane proteins with an extracellular binding domain that specifies the growth factor with which it will interact, and an intracellular domain that encodes the tyrosine kinas...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Kazlauskas A

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies on transposable elements (TEs) have shed light on the mechanisms that have shaped their evolution. In addition to accumulating nucleotide substitutions over evolutionary time, TEs appear to be especially prone to genetic rearrangements and vertical transmissions across even distantly related species. As...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： McDonald JF

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microsatellites may soon become the markers of choice for molecular population genetic studies. However, our knowledge of these simple repetitive sequences and how they evolve in natural populations is far from complete. We highlight some recent results of population studies and advances in our ability to interpret so...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Bruford MW,Wayne RK

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription and supercoiling of the DNA template are interrelated. This review summarizes recent progress in the study of how template topology affects transcription, and how transcription affects template topology inside wild-type and DNA topoisomerase mutant cells. The interplay between DNA supercoiling and transc...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Wang JC,Lynch AS

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following neurulation, neural crest cells emerge from the neural tube and undergo extensive migrations. At the onset of migration, multipotent stem cells exist within the neural crest population. Eventually, these assume one of a number of possible fates, ranging from neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Bronner-Fraser M

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Segmentation in Drosophila is a sequential process directed by at least 30 genes that encode various types of proteins, including: many transcription factors; a putative RNA-binding protein; a membrane-associated receptor kinase; several intracellular protein kinases; a number of secreted signaling molecules; and othe...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Kornberg TB,Tabata T

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes are now well established as the paradigm of genomic imprinting in human disease. Over the past year, much has been learnt about the mechanisms by which these syndromes arise and molecular diagnostics for the majority of patients are now available. Mouse models for aspects of the...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Nicholls RD

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pattern of expression of homeodomain proteins often exceeds their apparent domain of activity. Tissue-specific proteins that modulate the in vivo activity of homeodomain proteins have been proposed to account for this functional restriction. The first identified example of such an accessory protein is DCoH, which ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hansen LP,Crabtree GR

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Baculoviruses continue to serve as workhorse vectors for the high-level expression of eukaryotic genes in insect cells; however, numerous researchers are also finding novel uses for these vectors by taking advantage of the unique nature of the viruses and their host cells. Concurrently, the technology involved in cons...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Miller LK

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly repetitive minisatellites' include the most variable human loci described to date. They have proved invaluable in a wide variety of genetic analyses, and despite some controversies surrounding their practical implementation, have been extensively adopted in civil and forensic casework. Molecular analysis of int...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Armour JA,Jeffreys AJ

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Population data suggest that many parasitic protozoa (e.g. Trypanosoma, Leishmania, Entamoeba and Giardia) reproduce clonally, but this hypothesis has been highly controversial for Plasmodium falciparum. Although reproduction is predominantly clonal in the enteric bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella, the level of...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hartl DL

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past decade, many potential candidates for molecules involved in pattern formation in the vertebrate embryo have been identified. Manipulation of the expression of some of these factors has generated fascinating results that have allowed investigators to address their roles in embryogenesis. One such family c...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Dickinson ME,McMahon AP

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unexpected patterns of neuroblast, angioblast and myoblast movement and tissue organization have been defined using lineage tracing and transplantation methods. The most novel and enigmatic new data derive from analyses of genes in the Hox- and Pax-gene families. In addition to the characterization of expression patte...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Noden DM

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Models in developmental biology continue to yield valuable insights, yet do not play a strong role as guides to experiment. This may be because of the largely unexplored complexity of most developing organisms, and the fact that the most powerful models work at a very abstract level. In Dictyostelium discoideum, howev...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Cox EC

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been remarkably rapid advances in the understanding of prion diseases over the past year. The controversial notion that the transmissible agent may be an abnormal isoform of a host-encoded protein, the prion protein, is now gaining wide acceptance. The conundrum of how a disease can both be inherited as an ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Collinge J,Palmer MS

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant advances in the field of hepatocyte-specific gene expression have been made during the past year. Several new transcription factors have been cloned and partially characterized. Analyses of the promoter regions of several factors have also been initiated and Drosophila homologs for two of these factors hav...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Sladek FM,Darnell JE

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00